Considering I didn't get my lazy ass out of bed until 11 this morning, and that I started writing this post at 7:30, I would say it's been an eventful day.
I made a promise to be back in Belgrade in time to see Ana's concert Tuesday night, so I'm trying to max out my time in
Kosovo. I'd love to stay for about ten days, and really get to know it, but a promise is a promise, and it's a classic example of why I hate making them.
But
Kosovo is not a big place, so I'm using Prishtina as the hub for my day trips.
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"Soo.....where are you now?" Miguel asked me last night from the cab of his pick-up, just having gotten off work in Houston.
"Kosovo.""Ah," he said, most likely having already forgotten what I had said, since this strange word clearly hadn't registered in his database.
"Cool."I allowed the pause to linger, before asking if he knew where Kosovo was.
He didn't even try to fake it.
"No idea."Not that he should have an idea. I was a history major in college, and until I read
Balkan Ghosts in July, my best answer would have been "next to Serbia." But I didn't really even know where
Serbia was within a reasonable guess, so I doubt the judges would have accepted that one. Miguel studied WalkieTalkie-ology, a.k.a. Construction Science, at A&M, so he can't be held responsible.
Sandwiched in between Serbia, Montenegro, Albania and Macedonia, Kosovo is a little, insignificant piece of land that -- in a perfect world -- no one outside of the Balkans would have ever heard of.
But there is
"sooooooooo much TROUble in the worrrrrrld," remember? And you could start your list here, in the very spot I'm sitting, as I begin to explain.
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What does history mean?
For Americans, it means the class between Spanish and chemistry. We are a young country; we have no concept of what the word "ancient" represents; we have never known what it feels like to be subjugated, kicked around, told what to do. Hell, we hit the ground running -- remember the Indians? -- and have never slowed down, save for a speed bump in Vietnam, a pot hole in Iraq, and maybe a little backseat bickering in the War of Northern Aggression.
But try stepping into the shoes of these Balkan boys -- especially when it comes to Kosovo.
"The hate between these nations," Flamour said, leading me to Bill Clinton Blvd. in downtown Prishtina,
"the hate..."My new Kosovar Albanian friend's English was a little rusty, so he paused while trying to find the word.
Or was it that he was just hoping what he wanted to say wasn't actually true?
"We will never lose that hate." "We" meant Kosovar Albanians and the Serbs.
"We have fought one another forever. Ever since the Slavs came over the Carpathian Mountains, and came into a land where we had been for centuries, we have fought them. In twenty, thirty years, the world will understand."The whole world."
I had tapped this head-shaven stranger on the shoulder for directions to the giant portrait of Bill Clinton that is on display in Prishtina, and he almost immediately began to describe to me the difficulty of life as a Kosovar Albanian student who harbors ambitions to study engineering at a real American university -- the University of "Are-Kansas," in particular.
"Are you busy?" he asked once I had snapped my shot of Bill.
"Nah man, I've got nothing."
"Come, then, we will have a coffee, and I will explain to you in short the history of my country."
I noticed that he said the word "country."
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Kosovo. Like the word "Jerusalem," it does something to me, gutterally. Some may describe the feeling in a spiritual sense. One of those ... you just inhale and shake your head, ever so slightly. I can't explain why. I'm not Albanian; I'm not Serbian. I'm just a sucker for the search, perhaps. The search for an answer to a question that doesn't have an answer, and never will: Why can't people just live in the present, together, and forget about the past?
Because they can't agree to an answer for my first question: What does history mean?
Six hundred years. Tell me something that happened 600 years ago. That was before Columbus. Our continent hadn't even been found by white people 600 years ago. And that's how far back this argument over Kosovo goes.
"There is a difference between 'de facto' and 'theory,'" Flamour told me, as he tore the tip of his cigarette off before lighting it -- the first time I've ever seen anyone with that particular idiosyncracy. "In theory, we are Serbia," he explained. "In theory. But look" -- Flamour always says "look" when he wants to make sure I'm ready to hear an important point -- "de facto, we are a nation. We don't have the documents, no. But this is our land. It is ours. It is not theirs. How can it be theirs? How? Do you know how many Albanians are living in Kosovo?"
"Ninety percent?"
"Ninety-five." I didn't have any figures memorized, so I couldn't cite any rebuttal. Not that a rebuttal would have mattered -- what was important was that Flamour was raring to go in explaining to me the 4-1-1 on Kosovo.
I noticed that the butt Flamour was smoking had gone out. He was focused on something more important than a cigarette.
"Ninety-five percent," he repeated. "And they want to use violence to show us that we are a part of them. But violence can't do nothing."
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My first ever Kosovar Albanian friend's name is Bedri. He is a taxi driver. I met Bedri last night, when he took me from the Prishtina bus station to the cheapest place to stay in this city, the Velania Guesthouse. Promising me a 5 euro fare if I called him to take me to Kosovo Polje from my place, and the same price to the Gračanica (Grachanitsa) Monastery, I took his card and promised to phone him today.
Kosovo Polje is where the argument begins. That is where the Serbian army, led by "Tsar" (he wasn't exactly a Romanoff) Lazar, was defeated by a Turkish invasion force on June 28, 1389. So the argument is actually nearing its 618th birthday, to be exact. Before that day, there was a vast Serbian empire -- one many think would have inherited the legacy of Byzantium as the leading force on the Balkan Peninsula. After that day, the 500-year long Turkish eclipse began to extend its shadow across this land.
Kosovo Polje means "Kosovo Field," or "Kosovo Plain." I can't get a straight answer on which one is exactly the right translation. What I pictured was an empty pasture, full of ghosts that can't speak in words, but in energies. A place that would give me a similar feeling to the one when I hear the very word, "Kosovo," only exponentially more intense.
What Bedri drove me to was a major disappointment.
"So, this Kosovo Polje," he said.
I looked all around from the passenger seat of the taxi, confused.
"Where?"
"Here."
"What?"
"Kosovo Polje," he said.
I looked around again. A lot had changed in the past six centuries. The infamous "Field of the Blackbirds" looked like a suburb of Prishtina, from my view.
"I want to see the battlefield, though," I explained. Bedri's English wasn't equipped to understand that request.
"Kosovo Polje." Again.
"Ne, ne. Hiljeda, tri sto, osam deset, devet," I said, slowly, and tentatively, in Serbian. One thousand, three hundred, eighty, nine is how you say thirteen, eighty-nine in my new favorite language. "Tsar Lazar, Turks...."
"Ah!" Bedri exclaimed. Eureka. "That too far. Must go to Alfakmkfalqizmlrzjoimq." The place he said sounded eerily similar to the band Borat claimed to be his favorite when he was hanging with his homies in the hood scene.
"Fine, then, let's just go to Gračanica."
Buzzkill.
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One of the funniest quotes I've heard in my entire run through the Balkans came from a fat Irish guy who was wearing a Brett Favre jersey at a bar in Dubrovnik.
"Do you know how to pronounce the last name of the dude's jersey that is on your back?" I asked, having approached him only hoping for a Ben Stiller response.
He clearly didn't have a freaking clue. "Fay.....ver?"
"Try Farve."
I ran into the same guy a few days later, when I was catching a bus down to Kotor, Montenegro. And he added a second quote to my "Best Of The Balkans" list.
"Ya know, me and me mate wanted to go to Kosovo on this trip, but then I thought to myself, 'Hmm....maybe a good rule of thumb would be to never go anywhere where there are UN peacekeepers.'"
We all had a good laugh, because let's be honest, it's funny that someone would willingly travel somewhere not stable enough to exist without an international contingent of blue-helmeted babysitters -- armed with tanks and automatic weapons -- watching over the fray.
But I came to Kosovo anyway.
KFOR. Like a huge, camouflaged tank rolling through the streets of Prishtina really needs to let people know that it's with KFOR, as opposed to SOMEOTHERFOR. You can't go three minutes down the streets here without seeing those four letters emblazoned on the side of a vehicle.
"Ah, there is much traffic," Bedri said, as he came to nearly a complete stop on the road from Kosovo Polje to Gračanica. "KFOR checkpoint."
I got my camera out.
It's not that I had no inclination that it may be prohibited to take photos of UN military vehicles -- it's that I just didn't care. What are they gonna do, arrest me? It is in situations like these that I fall back on the ace up my sleeve: A U.S. passport. Besides, I didn't see any signs telling me not to do it...
And I almost got away with it.
The very last line of defense in the Finnish regiment of peacekeepers saw me take that one last picture -- (it's always the last one that gets you caught) -- and he yelled to his homies. Busted.
We were motioned to go down the driveway to the right, at the end of which, we were motioned by a very large, very stern, Finnish gentleman in battle gear to go down the driveway to the left.
"Bedri, I am so sorry," I said, fearful of a Balkan temper explosion that is as common in this region as someone having eyebrows. "I didn't know!"
It was almost like Bedri was completely oblivious to what was happening. Like a full car search, and full body search to boot, was just another day at the office. He smiled -- amused, almost, at the worried look on my face. "No problem, no problem," he said reassuringly.
Just another day in Kosovo for Bedri.
I can only imagine that this is what Baghdad must be like ... minus the car bombs, and the suicide missions, and the stifling heat, and the Iranian influence, and the constant blood, the death, the destruction. Carbon copy, otherwise. But I guess that's just the difference between Albanian Muslims vs. international jihadists, and Scandinavian troops vs. American ones, eh?
We rolled into a parking lot -- hidden from view from the main road -- that housed three tanks, about four Humvees and maybe 20 Finnish soldiers, in full battle gear, most holding machine guns.
I knew we weren't going to get in any trouble, but still, a quick shiver went down my spine.
"Well," I thought to myself, "getting pulled into a United Nations security checkpoint for suspicious behavior. I guess I can cross that one off my list."
"You do not know you cannot take pictures of KFOR?" the nice soldier in the group asked after our body searches turned up nothing but Bodri's Finnish driver's license (he spent six months there as a refugee in 1999).
"I know NOW!"
The mean soldier in the group was busy deleting those pictures. Some of them were amazing, too.
Bodri was as un-phased 15 minutes into the pat-down's as he had been when I got us into this mess. He was brushing up on his Finnish, having a grand old time.
"Okay, you are free to go," nice soldier said, a big smile on his face. "Kiitos!" "Thankyou," in Finnish.
I love Scandinavian troops.
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I was able to see a lot more of them, too, when Bodri dropped me off at Gračanica.
That is the Swedish branch of KFOR's jurisdiction. About two feet to the side of the entrance to the most revered Serbian Orthodox monastery in Kosovo -- "Old Serbia" -- there is a big, blue-and-yellow Swedish flag atop a military installation. It is there not to protect Albanian Muslims, but to protect the minority Serb population living on a desert island in a sea of Kosovars.
I hadn't eaten all day. Food was the first priority.
Tell me if this logic makes sense: The further away you go from the center, the cheaper goods and services will be. It does make sense. Right?
I guess I shouldn't have been surprised when the bill came. I've come to accept the fact that Serbs seem to just toss aside every single law of economics in the books that I never studied in college. When you buy an entire pizza at a roadside stand, it is simply six times the price of one slice -- no discount for buying in bulk. When you sleep in the four-bed room at the Three Black Catz, it costs one euro less than when you land in the six -- no incentive to sacrifice a bit of privacy for a few dinars. Completely illogical.
And so, after an amazing meal of which I took half home in a doggy bag of tin foil and plastic, I had to fork over 950 dinars. I could have gotten 19 pieces of pizza -- more than three full boxes -- at my favorite place in Belgrade for that price.
Maybe Kosovo is Serbia, after all.
Gračanica, though, is undoubtedly Serbia.
It was built by King Milutin in the 14th century -- the very king who Rebecca West refers to as the "Serbian Henry VIII." Divorced more times than I can count (albeit sans the post-marriage beheadings), falsely devout in his faith, a real slob. But my favorite was that his final wife, Queen Simonis, the daughter of the Byzantine emperor Andronicus, was given to him as an incentive to form in a Christian alliance against the Turks ... and she was only six years old at the time.
That didn't stop the ole dog Milutin from consummating the marriage immediately -- and leaving Simonis barren forever as a result.
When you enter Gračanica, you are greeted by two frescoes on each side of the main archway which leads to the main room: One of Milutin, holding the monastery in one hand; the other is Simonis, who, like Milutin, is being crowned by an angel. Jesus appears painted on the archway that connects the two paintings.
Once again, I got out my camera. The Swedish KFOR troops were way out of range.
But I didn't count on the old hag dressed as an Orthodox nun to call me out.
"Ne može! Ne može!" she growled, passing me haughtily as she crossed herself in Orthodox fashion -- right to left on the shoulders -- three times, then bending down to kiss some icons.
I tried to suck up by showing some interest in the frescoes.
"Ko je..." I tried to ask, ever so innocently, before she cut me off with a curt response.
"Kralj Milutin!" She didn't even look at me. She was disgusted. In my experiences visiting Orthodox churches in Montenegro, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Serbia and Kosovo so far, religious of the Eastern Rite are not nearly as lovey-dovey.
The monastery was tiny. Reading Balkan Ghosts and Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, which obsess over the historical and emotional significance this remnant of Old Serbia holds to the Serbs who can't let go of the past, and then seeing it in the flesh is like reading Dan Brown and then going to The Louvre to see the Mona Lisa.
That's it?
But like seeing the Mona Lisa -- if you are into that sort of thing, seeing Gračanica is a very powerful experience -- if you are into that sort of thing.
I am into the latter sort of thing.
Orthodox churches. Have you ever been to one?
They're not like Catholic churches.
You can feel the differences between Eastern and Western Christianity in the buildings they erect to worship. One is straight-forward -- it offers a cookie-cut path to Heaven. Geometrically-configured pews, a transparent view of the altar, and order is what Roman Catholicism is all about. Eastern Orthodox churches, though, are all about shadowy candles being burned for the living and the dead, a room full of smoky incense, dark corridors, and mystery. It's the difference between sunglasses and Harry Potter spectacles.
Eastern Orthodoxy is full of intrigue and mystery -- which fits in well in Serbia, the land where nothing is ever as it seems.
Some more covert photography -- which was not able to capture the aura of Gračanica on film -- was followed by an attempt to get into good standing with the old hag. What better way to please a nun than by buying some religious icons and postcards?
"Koliko?" I asked, holding cards depicting Simonis, Lazar, the Battle of Kosovo and the monastery, as well as a wooden icon I had been looking for my entire time in Serbia, emblazoned with an image of the very Lazar whose defeat began the argument over Kosovo in 1389.
She was sitting behind the counter of the souvenir shop tucked away into the corner of the monastery, reading up on Bog knows what.
"Ehhh....ništa," she said, waving me off with her hand. I couldn't tell if it was Christian charity motivating her to give me all the trinkets for free, or sheer laziness. But I didn't ask twice. Those things were mine.
Aside from the old woman who approached me outside as I tried to write in my journal, asking me for a flat rate donation of five euros (it's like, lady, ever heard of biting off something you can chew?), my time at Gračanica was finished.
It was time to get back to Prishtina.
I only have one pair of pants. When I was in Novi Sad, they were dealt a near death blow by a rusty trash can, which ripped a hole the size of the Titanic just above the right pocket. When Dragana sewed them up for me, she also branded them with a "Made in Serbia" signature, written in Cyrillic. It's great for conversation-starting when I'm in Serbia -- not so much in Kosovo.
It gets really tricky when you're in limbo like that. The town of Gračanica is pretty much Serbian. The town of Prishtina, pretty much a mirror image. The space in between?
Pretty much confusing.
As I walked for ten minutes down the road which doesn't have markers for its bus stops, I periodically popped into the small shops along the way to ask for directions to one. But what do I do? Do I ask in English, and play completely dumb? If a Kosovo Serb is working, that wouldn't be a wise move. So do I ask in Serbian? A Kosovar Albanian would surely love that.
I can't be for sure, but judging by the looks one the faces of the last two people I asked, I think I went English on a Serb, and Serbian on an Albanian. And I lived to tell the tale.
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Once back in Prishtina, though, English is the best bet. And that is how I met Flamour, whose name means "flag" in Albanian, not "really gay," like you might think if you're in cognate mode.
"Stupid Albanians, stupid Kosovars," he said over coffee.
"What?"
"We had a chance to take all Serbs out of the Balkans, in the second world war. Look. Germany came into Balkans, they took over all Balkans. We could have fought with them, to take out Serbs, but we didn't. We joined Serbs, and fought Germany. And then... then the Serbs turn and kill Albanians!" He at least laughed at the last sentence. Irony is what makes life worth living, especially when irony is especially cruel to your people.
"Look..." I heard that a lot during our conversation. "Look," for a detailed map of Kosovo and its territories. "Look," for a map of the entire Balkan Peninsula, with the line of "real Albania" drawn to overlap parts of Serbia, Bosnia, Montenegro, Macedonia, all of Kosovo, all of Albania, and even part of Greece. "Look," for a list of the words used to describe cities and towns in "the real Albania" by the international community, versus a list of the real words as intended by the natural order of things.
The problem with the Balkans is that everyone wants everyone else to "look" at their answers. What does history mean? Well, just look. Don't show me your answer; because I've already got my own. Greater Serbia, Greater Croatia, the "real" Albania, historical Greece, "real Bosnian girls" -- I could keep going.
Muslims have been living in Kosovo for how long? Doesn't matter -- a king named Milutin built this church here in 13-something, and that is how it should be today. Macedonia for the Macedonians? Yeah, until the ethnic Albanian population boom explodes in their faces 30 years from now -- then we'll be hearing about yet another rightful owner being oppressed by people who cite historical claims to a land that is only "theoretically" theirs, but not "de facto."
"Dude, Flamour," I said after the 50th "look," my head swimming. "The Balkans are so......"
He just laughed. "I know, man. I know."